1.     How to use units to describe the properties of seawater and its constituents

2.      List and explain water's unusual properties

3.      List the compounds which make seawater salty, and learn what factors drive their distribution and variability

4.      How to calculate residence time and what it means

I. Chemical Units:

               Units                                                 prefixes

Liters= L                                  kilo= 1000 times (eg kilometer)

Grams=g                                  milli =1/1000 (10^-3) (m)

Moles=mol                                micro= 1/1,000,000 (10^-6) (m)

Meters =m                                nano= 1/1,000,000,000 (10^-9)(n)

Centimetres=cm                   

Conversion and combination of units provide the parameters we use in marine chemistry.

II. Chemical composition of sea water

A. Physical Chemical properties of water

A.    The unusual properties of water

B.    Hydrogen bonding as the reason

C.   Temperature and density properties of seawater

- Liquid versus ice

B Salinity of seawater

A.    Composition

B.    Distribution

III. Chemical distribution in the ocean: Conservative constituents versus varying constituents

1. Conservative constituents of seawater (sea salts)

A. Distributions (invariant)

B. Residence times

B.   Biointermediate constituents

These are depleted in surface water where most of the biology goes on

C.    Biolimiting constituents

Almost totally depleted in surface waters due to biological uptake